Ezweni lokuklama kwangaphakathi nokusebenza kwezinkuni, ukukhetha phakathii-veneer yemvelo kanye ne-engineered veneeribamba isisindo esibalulekile. Le ndatshana izama ukudalula ukungafani okuhlukile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-veneer, ihlinzeka ngomhlahlandlela ophelele wokusiza abathengi nezingcweti ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi. Ngokuhlolisisa umsuka, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, kanye nezici ezihlukile zeveneers zemvelo nezinjiniyela, sihlose ukukhanyisa indlela yalabo abafuna ukuhlanganisa okuphelele kobuhle nokusebenza kumaphrojekthi abo. Noma ngabe unguchwepheshe noma u-DIYer oshisekayo, ukuqonda ingqikithi yalezi zinhlobo ze-veneer kuzokunika amandla okuguqula imibono yakho ibe ngokoqobo.
I-Veneer Yemvelo:
A. Incazelo kanye nomsuka:
1.Kusikwe kulogi (flitch) yesihlahla:
I-veneer yemveloitholakala ezingodweni ezikhethwe ngokucophelela, futhi izingcezu ezincane zisikwa ngokucophelela endaweni yelogi (flitch).
2.Ibonisa amaphethini angempela abonisa uhlobo lwesihlahla nendawo esikhula ngayo:
Ucezu ngalunye lwe-veneer yemvelo luphethe iphethini eyingqayizivele neyiqiniso, enikeza ukulandisa okubonakalayo kwezinhlobo zezihlahla eziqhamuke kuzo kanye nezimo zemvelo ezachuma kuzo.
B. Inqubo Yokukhiqiza:
1.Amalogi asikwe ngokulandelana futhi ahlanganiswe ukuze enze okufanayo:
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ibandakanya ukusika izingodo ngendlela elandelanayo, ukudala izinyanda eziqinisekisa ukuvumelana emkhiqizweni wokugcina uma ususikiwe, ucindezelwe, futhi ulacquered.
2.Ukukhiqiza okuklanyelwe ukulondoloza izici zemvelo ezinoshintsho oluncane:
Inqubo yokukhiqiza iklanywe ngokucophelela ukuze kugcinwe izici zemvelo zokhuni, kuhloswe ukuguqulwa okuncane. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi ubuhle bemvelo bokhuni bugcinwa emkhiqizweni wokugcina.
3.Okunye ukwehluka kwemvelo okulindelekile phakathi kwamashidi:
Naphezu kwemizamo yokulondoloza ukungaguquguquki, i-veneer yemvelo yamukela iqiniso lezimpawu zemvelo zokhuni. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukuhlukahluka okulindelekile phakathi kwamashidi ngamanye, okwengeza ukuhluka kwesiqephu ngasinye.
I-Engineered Veneer:
A. Incazelo kanye nomsuka:
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-reconstituted veneer (recon) noma i-recomposed veneer (RV):
I-veneer eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela, ekhonjwe ngamanye amagama afana ne-veneer ephinde yakhiwe kabusha noma eqanjwe kabusha, ibonisa imvelo yayo njengomkhiqizo wokhuni oshintshiwe futhi owenziwe kabusha.
Umkhiqizo owenziwe kabusha onomgogodla wokhuni wemvelo:
Ngokungafani ne-veneer yemvelo, i-veneer eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela iklanywe njengomkhiqizo owenziwe kabusha, igcina indikimba yokhuni yemvelo njengesisekelo sayo.
Iklanywe ngezifanekiso nezibunjwa zikadayi ezithuthukiswe kusengaphambili ukuze zihambisane:
Inqubo yobunjiniyela ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezifanekiso kanye nesikhunta sedayi esakhiwe ngaphambili, ukuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokungaguquguquki ekubukekeni nombala kulo lonke i-veneer.
Ngokuvamile ayinawo amafindo angaphezulu nezinye izici zemvelo ezitholakala ohlotsheni ngalunye:
I-veneer yobunjiniyela ibonakala ngendawo ebushelelezi, ngokuvamile engenawo amafindo angaphezulu nezinye izici zemvelo ezitholakala ohlotsheni olulodwa lokhuni. Lokhu kunomthelela ebuhleni obufanayo.
Igcina okusanhlamvu kokhuni lwemvelo kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezisetshenziswayo:
Nakuba i-veneer eyakhiwe ingenazo izici ezithile zemvelo, igcina okusanhlamvu kokhuni kwemvelo okuvela ohlotsheni oluwumgogodla, inikeze ukuthungwa kokhuni kwangempela okwengeza ukujula nobuqiniso emkhiqizweni osuphelile.
Ukukhetha nokucutshungulwa kweVeneer:
I-A. Natural Veneer:
Amalogi akhethwe ngokucophelela ngekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu (amalogi ebanga le-veneer):
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-veneer yemvelo kuqala ngokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwamalogi, akhethelwe ikhwalithi yawo ephezulu kanye nokufaneleka kwezinjongo ze-vene-grade.
Inqubo yokupheka ukwenza izingodo zibe lula ekusikeni:
Amalogi akhethiwe enza inqubo yokupheka ukuze athuthukise ukuguquguquka kwawo, okuwenza athandeke kakhulu esigabeni sokusika sokukhiqiza.
Izingcezu ezizacile zomisiwe, zahlungwa, futhi zahlolelwa amaphutha:
Izingcezu ezizacile ze-veneer zomiswa ngokucophelela, zihlungwe, futhi zihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuhlonzwe futhi kulungiswe noma yiziphi izinkinga, okuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lekhwalithi.
Ukubambelela emigomeni ye-FSC yokucubungula imvelo nokusimeme:
Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza ama-veneer emvelo ithobela imigomo yoMkhandlu Wokuphatha Ihlathi (FSC), igcizelela izinqubo zemvelo nezimeme ekutholeni izinkuni nokucutshungulwa.
B. I-Engineered Veneer:
Amalogi ebanga lobunjiniyela avunwa ezinhlotsheni ezikhula ngokushesha, ezivuselelekayo:
I-Engineered veneer isebenzisa izingodo ezithathwe ezinhlotsheni zezihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha nezivuselelekayo, okugcizelela ukusimama enqubweni yokuvuna.
Izingodo zisikwe kancane, zidayiwe futhi zanamathiselwa kumabhulokhi:
Izingodo zisikwa zibe mncane, zidaywe kusetshenziswa isikhunta esenziwe ngaphambili, bese sinamathiselwa kumabhulokhi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza i-veneer yobunjiniyela. Le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi inomthelela ekubukekeni okufanayo komkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ukugcizelelwa kokusimama ngokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezivuselelekayo:
Ukusimama kuyinto ebalulekile ekugxilwe kuyo ekukhiqizeni i-veneer eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela, efinyelelwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zezihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha nezivuselelekayo.
Ngokuvamile izindleko eziphansi kune-veneer yemvelo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha:
I-Engineered veneer ivamise ukonga kakhulu kune-veneer yemvelo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha, okunomthelela ekuthengeni kwazo kuyilapho kugcinwa imikhuba eco-friendly.
I-Veneer Finish:
A. I-Veneer Yemvelo:
Imvelo yokhuni iholela ekushintsheni kombala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:
I-Veneer yemvelo ibonisa ikhwalithi yemvelo yokhuni, eshintsha umbala ocashile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Le nqubo yokuguga yemvelo yengeza uhlamvu kanye nokuyingqayizivele ku-veneer.
Ezinye izinhlobo ziyakhanya, ezinye ziba mnyama:
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zokhuni, i-veneer yemvelo ingase ibe nokukhanya noma ibe mnyama njengoba ikhula. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kunomthelela ekukhangekeni okucebile nokuhlukahlukene kobuhle be-veneer.
B. I-Engineered Veneer:
Ingase ibe sengozini yokuguqulwa kombala:
I-veneer yobunjiniyela isengozini enkulu ekushintsheni kombala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ichayeke kuzinto zemvelo. Kubalulekile ukucabangela lesi sici lapho ukhetha i-veneer yobunjiniyela yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
Ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi kuphela:
Ngenxa yokuthi isengozini yokushintsha umbala kanye nomthelela ongaba khona ovela ezintweni zangaphandle, i-veneer yobunjiniyela ngokuvamile iyanconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe endlini. Lo mkhawulo uqinisekisa isikhathi eside nokuzinza kokubukeka kwe-veneer uma isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezilawulwayo.
Umthelela Wemvelo:
Bhekana nawo wonke umthelela wemvelo wazo zombili izimila zemvelo nezinjiniyela:
Ukuqonda umthelela wemvelo wama-veneers kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo eziqaphela imvelo. Izitshalo zemvelo, ezitholakala emahlathini aphethwe ngendlela efanele, zineqhaza ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokuphambene, ama-veneers akhiwe, kuyilapho esebenzisa izihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha, angase abe nomthelela omncane ezindaweni zemvelo.
Nikeza ulwazi mayelana ne-carbon footprint, izitifiketi zokusimama, nezici ezivumelana nemvelo zohlobo ngalunye lwe-veneer:
I-A.Natural Veneer:
I-Carbon Footprint: I-carbon footprint ye-natural veneer ithonywa inqubo yokugawulwa nokuhamba. Kodwa-ke, izinqubo zamahlathi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokubambelela ezimisweni ezisimeme kunganciphisa umthelela wazo kwezemvelo.
Izitifiketi Zokusimama: Bheka ama-veneers agunyazwe izinhlangano ezifana ne-FSC (Forest Stewardship Council), ekhombisa ukubambelela kumazinga aqinile emvelo nezenhlalo.
Izici Eco-friendly: I-Veneer yemvelo, lapho itholakala ngokuzibophezela, isekela ukulondolozwa kwehlathi, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, kanye nezinqubo eziqhubekayo.
I-B.Engineered Veneer:
I-Carbon Footprint: I-veneer eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela ingase ibe ne-carbon footprint ephansi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezokuthutha kusenesandla kumthelela wayo wemvelo.
Izitifiketi Zokusimama: Funa ama-veneer anjiniyela anezitifiketi ezifana nokuthobela kwe-CARB (California Air Resources Board), okubonisa ukunamathela kumazinga wokukhishwa kwegesi.
I-Eco-Friendly Aspects: Izitshalo ezakhiwe ngobunjiniyela, ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezivuselelekayo, zifaka isandla ezenzweni ezisimeme zamahlathi. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwezinamathiselo namadayi kufanele kucatshangelwe ngomthelela wabo kwezemvelo.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezindleko Ngaphandle Kwempahla:
Ngena ujule ekucatshangelweni kwezindleko kukonke, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa, ukunakekelwa, kanye nezindleko zesikhathi eside ezingaba khona:
A. Izindleko zokufaka:
I-Natural Veneer: Izindleko zokufaka zingase zihluke ngokusekelwe enkingeni yokusebenza ngamashidi e-veneer emvelo, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwana nokuhlukahluka kokuqina noma okungahambi kahle.
I-Engineered Veneer: I-veneer eyakhiwe, nokufana kwayo, ingase ibe nezindleko eziphansi zokufaka njengoba inqubo isezingeni eliphezulu.
B. Izindleko Zokulungisa:
I-Natural Veneer: I-Veneer yemvelo ingase idinge izindlela ezithile zokulungisa, kuhlanganise nokucwengwa ngezikhathi ezithile, kuye ngezinhlobo zezinkuni nezimo zemvelo.
I-Engineered Veneer: I-veneer eyakhiwe, enendawo yayo ebushelelezi, ingase idinge ukulungiswa okuncane, kodwa ukuqapha kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushintshwa kombala.
C. Izindleko Zesikhathi Eside Ezingenzeka:
I-Natural Veneer: Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zokulungisa zingase zibe phezulu, izindleko zesikhathi eside zingancishiswa ngobuhle obuhlala njalo namandla okucwengisiswa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqiniso be-veneer.
I-Engineered Veneer: Nakuba i-veneer yobunjiniyela ingase ibe nezindleko zokuqala eziphansi, ukuguqulwa kombala okungaba khona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nemikhawulo ekulungiseni kungase kube nomthelela ezindlekweni zesikhathi eside.
Xoxa ngokuthi ingabe umehluko wezindleko zasekuqaleni phakathi kwama-veneers emvelo nawonjiniyela uyaxazululeka ngezinye izici ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:
D.Ukucatshangelwa Kwezindleko Zokuqala:
I-Natural Veneer: Izindleko zokuqala ze-veneer yemvelo zingase zibe phezulu ngenxa yamaphethini nezici ezihlukile, kanye nezindleko zokufaka eziphezulu ezingaba khona.
I-Engineered Veneer: I-veneer eyakhiwe ivamise ukuba nezindleko eziphansi zokuqala, iyenze ibe inketho ekhangayo kumaphrojekthi anaka isabelomali.
E.Utshalomali Lwesikhathi Eside:
I-Natural Veneer: Naphezu kwezindleko zokuqala eziphakeme, ukukhanga okuhlala njalo, ukucwengwa okungenzeka, kanye nezici eziyiqiniso zingenza i-veneer yemvelo ibe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside kobuhle kanye nevelu yokuthengisa kabusha.
I-Engineered Veneer: Nakuba ibiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside kungase kuthinteke ukuguqulwa kwemibala okungaba khona kanye nezinketho ezilinganiselwe zokulungisa.
Ukucatshangwa Kwevelu sekukonke:
I-Natural Veneer: Inikeza ubuhle obungapheli, amandla okucwengisiswa, kanye nobuqiniso, okwenza kube utshalomali olubalulekile lwesikhathi eside kulabo ababeka phambili ukukhanga kobuhle.
I-Engineered Veneer: Inikeza ukufinyeleleka ngaphambili kodwa ingase ibe nemikhawulo ekugcineni ukubukeka kwayo kwangempela esikhathini eside.
Ukucabangela ukufakwa, ukunakekelwa, kanye nezindleko zesikhathi eside ngaphezu kwezindleko zempahla yokuqala kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezisekelwe kukho kokubili izithiyo zesabelomali zesikhashana kanye nokucatshangelwa kwenani lesikhathi eside.
Sengiphetha, i-athikili igqamisa ukungafani okubalulekile phakathi kwama-veneers emvelo nawonjiniyela, okuhlanganisa imvelaphi yawo, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, nokufaneleka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kubalulekile kubathengi abafuna i-veneer efanele ngezidingo zabo ezithile nezinto abazithandayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-18-2023
